Pane retainer



l -Jan.29,1929. f 11,700,727

H. CAMPBELL PANE RETAINER Filed Aug. i, l192:5

Patented Jan. ze, i929.

:Gemessen .QF Beweisen MeeSAGHUSEssSI, essere@ ST0" een) 'CHARLES@meeneem .messe B vGAMER-ae, 0e GAMBRPCfEfMeeSACHU# SEMS, coeeseaeeemme,I ,BUSNeSS .AS comme@ CAN Col :ee-Nn RETAINER The present inventionrelates to means :for l' may observe, however, that. the utility'oretaining a glass v'pane ina traine. It is par# ticularly applicable tosuch purposeS as the covers or ,doors tor display boxes, such as thosein *which lcrackers.and similar yfood ar`- ticlesare packed, or thedisplay tops of cartons containing such arti-cles.v ySuchcans or boxesor. display tops are customarily pro-l vided with hinged coversorwidoors having sight openingsacross which glass pa-nes are )laced andsecured. Such covers or doors are customarily made voi: thin sheet `ironor steel coated with ytin or-lacguer; that is, the inaterialknown astinplate and coi-ninonly called .tinL In the following As pecvilica-tionthe Word tin 1s used as aneaning theinaterlal just described, or anequivalent material rThis material lis flexible and springy, andthosefdoors or ceversinwvhich the sight opening is provided arevirtually no niorethan frames. .It 1s va prune -consldenation invmaking/these.structure-s, owing to the conditions of the trade,toprodu'ce them as cheaply` as possible, Wherefore thelimitationsiinposed `by suchcond-itiens prohibit their being made nuist-be held in place `securely yand firmly enough togobviate danger of4`its being broken or fall-,ing 'out inthe ordi-nary conditions ofi'zse,-and themesnsused or retaining the pane in place must besuchastoperiniaol ready removal anfjl replace/nient .in orderfthat vif paneis accidentally'broken a new one :may beeai l substituted.

:It vis'ffor the purpose of holding the glass panes .in a-:i'ranie undertheiconditions of use' above brieliyout'lined, andi-particularlyfurnishing-'rigid and practically unbreakable securing nieansor locking'the retainers el? such pane linplace, that I have devised theimprovement which forms the principalsub-v ject-matter ci the presentinvention, ,and it has been .nay object Aunder v'th-ese 'conditions topro ide lock-ing means .which v:have vample strength .and rigidity-fori"the purpose, :pen mito the retainers to be .easily-applied.and

- removed, and ,fcalnilbe produced latlolw xcost.

the invention and the scope of the protection which l claiin are notnecessarilylimited,to the particular uses `above indicatedfbut-are i. oigeneral utility and scope, conjnnensurate with the novelty ofv theinvention, in all ol the uses to which the essentialprinciples mayV beapplied. However, in explaining the vention Vlhave chosen forillustration its application to the use ofa display top torcertons,lthat .being the use *for .Whichthe special embodiment here illustra-tedwas designed. Vinthe dravv1ngs-v Fleur@ 1 iS @Perspective vie-W, of-eiclspilafvf top oithe sort last iii-entioned par lybrokenf opened awayaiidshmvingthe coverin pai vposi-tion.

Figure 2 p parallel .to the lglass v.pane .and cutting the iange'` or"the-cover on which one ofthe retainer Wires'is placed. Y

v :y oil' the cover at `rlglit angles 'toftliebsei-orementioned flange.

Figure lisa perspective detailivieivsliwf ing one -itor-in of meansl:tor holding v.one end of `a retainer Wirein'place. l Y

Figure 5 is a sectional*view-aneLFigure-G a-iraginentaryperspective.vieivfsl 1 D other -iorin of .means Zfor the sani-e rpose.

aires.

of afralnee :and a cover 1.0.

The conero-,intheforin heregillustrated-is made ot ,so-called tin,having a top Wa and Afiianges 2,.' 3, ffl `aen-dgt)..ogn A)all .lof-,atsas" les adapted to 'iitover the rini ofthe ran'ieand rese ontlie ledgec. This cover is thefnaine at the edge ofi-ts',ilarlge'5,3y

ire 3 is lasection parallel,tojsuch-iange I and cuttingv the O'lass panel,and also the iianges ne parts Wherever theyl occur inail `the al i '.ii i 4 -go -l he displayftop shown iii-,Figure lmlSlSts v v lseheranieyis adaptedto be .slipped over the open vend, eta box `or cartonanddws, Vflalge ctoTesten y represents a Vsec-tion .renna plane' neralreedy known-and which fornire-.no part' of the present invention.material for `such il urpose Whether the @Ove-1" Indeed it? isTiniwithin the enclosure made by the flanges of the cover.

The retaining means for the pane consists of two wires 7, or equivalentmembers, which engage the pane near two of its opposite edges and liealong the corresponding opposite flanges of the cover. In the presentillustration these wires vextend along the flanges 2 andv 4. They .areheld at both ends and the middle and are bent between their points ofsupport in such a fashion as to .press On the glass. ,Both wires hereshown Vare substantially alike except for the reversals or inversionsmade necessary by the fact that they areopposite one another. That is,they have the relation of right and left members of a pair. However,they are so similar that the followingV description of one will sufficefor both.

The wire 7 is held at one end 7L1 in a socket in the adjacent flange 4(or correspondingly 2), is supported at or near its middle b-y anabutment 9, which I call a lug, in the saine flange, and its other end7b is bent over and engaged or interlocked with a similar abutment orlug` 10 in the adjacent flange 8. The socket in which the end 7a' of thewire is retained may have various forms and constructions, three ofwhich are shown here. The preferred lform is that shown in Figures 1 to4 inclusive .and it is made by slitting and offsetting` the metal of theflange. That is, parallel slits 11 and 12 are cut in the flangeperpendicular to the general direction of the wi re and the material 13between the slits is offset inwardly, while that between the slit 11 andthe flange his offset outwardly, forming a pocket. The

' a loop or eye which holds the wire in the pocket and prevents its endfrom slipping out of engagement with this shoulder. Preferably th'e wireis bent at 15 so as'to cross the edge of the offset loop and furnish anadditional shoulder to limit penetration into the Y socket.

An alternative mode of forming the socket, shown in' Figures 5 and 6,consists in forming a single slit-11 in the flange and offsetting thematerial between that slit and the flange 5 inwardly to form a shallowgroove terminating in a shoulder 14%. The material of the flangeimmediately adjacent to the other side iig/.#00327 l of the slit mayalso be slightly odset outwardly, if necessary, in order to give roomfor entrance into that socket. Y

Still another form of socket is shown in Figure 7 and consists informinga socket like that last described in a separate plate 15 and solderingorotherwise fastening the plate to the flange. v

rlhe lugs 9 and 10 are substantially alike and are formeel out of thmaterial of the flange. Such flange is cut on a curved slit 17,preferably the are of afeircle. The highest point of.V

this are is in a line perpendicular to the plane of the glass andthecurve extends approximately equal distances to each side of suchperpendicular line. The material below the arcuate slit is then pressedand offset inwardly by dies of such formation that the offset part iscurved in all directions and ydimensions, and forms a convex bulge withrespect to the inner surface of the flange. rlhe junction of the offsetlug with the plane of the flange is a curved line 18 and theintersections of such lug with all planes are curved lines. This is madeapparent by Figures 2 and 3, which show the lugs 9 and 10 in plan, inelevation and in vertical section. The characteristics of both lugs arealike.l

The middle part of the retainer wire is caught over the top edge of thelug 9 and its bent end is similarly caught over the curved top edge ofthe lug 10. Between the socket in which the end 7"L is retained and thelug 9, as also between the lug 9 and the bent end 7 b, the wire is bentand oset both toward the plane of the glass and also inwardly from theflange. y

Thereby two offset lengths 7c and 7 d are provided which eXtend towardthe glass and press against itresiliently with a yielding force of whichthe intensity is determined by the stiffness and resilience of the wireand by the amount to which it is set over toward the4 glass.

lhe socket and lug, together with the bent end 7b of the wire cooperateto hold the wire in place with sullicient security to prevent the glassfrom falling out, even when the cover is slammed shut or otherwiseknocked about in careless handling. `rNevertheless, by first disengagingthe middle part of the wire from the lug 9 and then its bent end 7 bfrom the lug 10, which latter can be vdone by movement away from theflange 4, and then by withdrawing the end' 72L from its socket, thelretainer may be easily removed and the glass taken out or a new one putin. After the glass has been put in, the retainer is applied by areversal of the steps just described as being taken in removing it.

The construction of the supporting or retaining lugs 9 and 10 previouslyreferred to, is a feature of great importance in this invention. Beingunited to the flange on a curved line, there is no straight bending lineon which the lug can swing in the manner ofV lll) i moo-,var

ahinge; while being united. to theange its ends at points higher thanthejunction oi;

its middle'part with the flange', such ends are tied to the flange andthe tensile strength the material'is available to` prevent bending ofthe lug. Y- Then the convex formation of the hig gives it the propertiesofthe arch, whereby the strength et'y the material is most effectivelyapplied to resist bending and buckling 'under any pressure which may beapplied by or through the glass and retainer.

' I mean to point out that while tin, by reason of its slight thickness,has little vstrength to i l resist bending, yet it lhas great tensilestrength and great compressive e strengthv the middle part of vthe lugis higher thanits sides, gives the lug the characteristic of a hookarranged to overlap the side of the wire away from the fla-nge' and toLprevent disen-vr.

gagement by movement straight away from the flange or in any otherVdirection than with a substantial component toward the glass itself.Thus stresses applied by means of the glass areunable to causeaccidental dis-` engagement of the wire from its lugs. At the same time,however, the convex free edge of the lug has such a slight curvature,that is, it is formed as such a flat arch, that the tensile strength ofthe sheet material is availy able, without sensible diminution, toyresist bendinfy or other distortion 0f the art bounded by such convexedge. 'Therefore the retaining means which I have disclosed hold theglass firmly and without looseness 1 oi liability to rattle, hold itsecurely and are not liable to be dislodged by seveie stresses,

such occur when the cover is shut violently or when a blow is struck onthe glass.

is not powerful enough either to distort the wire-supporting lugs or todisengage vthe wire from these lugs. rlhen, the wires are easy to removeand apply; and finally the wiresand their supporting means may be madeat the minimum cost' for material and labor;

rlhe lug, whichl have just described in .det-ail, will be recognized asconstituting both an abutment and a lock; in that it sustains andsupports the pane-retaining wire and the reaction of the latter whilepressing lonthe glass, and is sointerlocked with the wire as to preventaccidental dislodgment thereof. lts peculiar characteristics, as anextremely strong and rigid abutment struck up Yfrom sheet material'having slight rigidity, adapt it well to the uses of an abutment,

-i facha blow severe enough to break the glassy lock, or catch inanyAcircunistan'ces wherean, interlock is required between' 'a niember'orVpart made ofsuch relativelyfilexible sheet iiiateria'i and somelotherpieceo'r structure.

Therefore, ".vhilev l lclaim such lug or abutment as an essential partof niyimproved paneretaining means, l do not -liinit my prof-1 Y tectionffortlie sanieto that specicc'ombinaf tion only,I butclaim Yprotectionforfit in'fall analogous circumstances and fuses.

Having regard to the statement in the ioregoing specification as t0 thescope of the invention, l would say that the descriptive terms used inthe description and in the ap- 4 pendcd claims are to be construed vinthe light thcreoi. For general purposes, however,

the part which l have described as the cover. l.

ma be considered as a frame the flanges 2 o v 1 7 b i o, l and o ofsucii cover being the members vof the frame and the top wall beinga'ledg'e against which the pane is thrust by theyretaining wires and bywhich it is supported` .in opposition to such thrust.

lV hat I claim and desire to secure ters Patent is: v

1. F or use in a frame having sheet metal side members anda ledgeadapted to support a removable pane, and to secure an elongated paneretainer in operative position .beside one of said side members and inengagement with the inner side of the pane, the following struc ture: alug indented and bulged inward from the last named side member andsevered by Le'.-

therefrom at one edge, being located so thatl its cut edge extendsacross the retainer at the side of the latter away from the pane, thelug being integrally joined .with the metal of the adjacent side memberon a curved out-` line which is' generally convex away from the cutedge. r

2. For use in a frame having sheetmetal y side members and a ledgeadapted to support a removable pane, and to secure an elongated paneretainer in operativeposition beside one oi' said side members and inengageinentwith the inner side' of the pane, the following structure: alug indented and .bulged inward tion to overlap the retainer atthe sideof the latter away from the pane; the side of the lug next to theretainer being wholly severed from the side wall on a protrudingoutline,

kfrom the last'named side member ina posi-y whereby it partiallyembraces the retainer,

and the lug otherwise being integrally joined with the side member onanoutline which is generally convex away from the retainer.

3. For use in a frame having sheet metal a line of severance and aconvex loutline of in y at sucha distance from the pane that the re-Vtaineris interlocked with the severed edge i 'of the lug When in thebefore named operative position.

`.Fornse in a frame having sheet metal 105 side members and a ledgeadapted'to support a removable pane, to se'curerone end of an elongatedpane retainer in connection With the frame, a socket Jiormed rin one ofsaidV side members by an integral portion of the side member offsetinwardly beside a slit n which is Cub in the side member orossWise oftheintended location or" the retainer end.

In testimony Whereoil l have affixed myk signature.

CHARLES H. CAMPBELL,

